As civilization progress, the number of older people is constantly growing. Furthermore, they suffer a higher burden of comorbidity and polipharmacy, which has a significant impact on the overall well-being of people in this age group. Elderly people are at risk of vitamin D deficiency, which is necessary for the proper functioning of the human body by regulating the calcium-phosphate metabolism. The presented studies indicate the importance of adequate levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in the prevention of bone fractures. Literature analysis also indicates an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and hypertension in subjects with significant vitamin D deficiencies. Promising are also the results showing the antiproliferative effect of vitamin D on cells of certain cancers. The study aims to identify the importance of maintaining proper levels of 25(OH)D in the blood serum of elderly people through an appropriate diet, sun exposure, and supplementation. Med Pr Work Health Saf. 2026;77(4)