This scientific paper analyzes surgical treatment methods for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It discusses traditional procedures such as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and modern, minimally invasive techniques, including holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP), transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP), prostatic urethral lift (PUL), and prostatic artery embolization (PAE). The authors emphasize that technological advancements and individualized patient approaches increase therapy’s safety and effectiveness. A literature review was conducted in both Polish and English, using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, with keywords including: “prostatic hyperplasia,” “TURP,” “HoLEP,” “BPH” and “BPO” (benign prostatic obstruction). Articles meeting the established criteria, per current treatment guidelines from urological societies, were analyzed. Additionally, relevant content concerning the effectiveness, applications, limitations, and challenges of using telemedicine in the geriatric population was included. The publications were evaluated by the authors, and sources containing potentially outdated information were excluded. Currently, the choice of surgical method for treating BPH is vast, and none of the available options can be considered absolutely the best. Key to treatment is an individualized approach to the patient, taking various factors into account when selecting the optimal therapy. Different treatment methods may have similar effectiveness but differ in cost, duration of action, and potential side effects. Some offer quick results, but their durability is limited, while others require greater financial investment and time but provide long-term benefits. The final choice depends on the patient’s individual needs and available resources. The development of minimally invasive procedures has expanded treatment options, reducing the risk of complications and shortening hospitalization and recovery times. Ongoing research and technological innovations continue to improve surgical methods, leading to better urodynamic outcomes and more effective therapy. Med Pr Work Health Saf. 2025;76(3)